Brugada Syndrome: From Diagnosis to Treatment and Prevention – Current Knowledge

Brugada syndrome is a rare inherited cardiac arrhythmia disorder characterized by a high risk of sudden cardiac death in structurally normal hearts. This channelopathy is associated with syncope caused by ventricular tachyarrhythmias, especially among the male population. Current studies results show that this illness is not solely inherited in an autosomal dominant manner, which occurs in only 3 out of 10 patients. Intensive research has deepened the understanding of its genetic, electrophysiological and clinical aspects. However, Brugada syndrome remains a major diagnostic and therapeutic challenge, especially in asymptomatic patients and in risk stratification. The main type of treatment remains implantable cardioverter-defibrillator, but results of clinical studies show that epicardial ablation can also represent satisfactory results. This review provides a summarized synthesis of current knowledge on Brugada syndrome, including epidemiology, pathophysiology, genetic basis, clinical presentation, electrocardiographic characteristics and diagnostic criteria, risk stratification, treatment approaches and preventive measures in a comprehensive and detailed way.