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eXtend Reality (XR) and Metaverse are important service scenarios to be supported by 5G-Advanced (5G-A) and future mobile networks. However, there are still many challenges and gaps for 5G-A to guarantee the immersive experience of XR and Metaverse. This article analyzes the challenges to support XR in 5G-A, e.g., lossless audio compression transmission, full-view high-resolution video transmission, and synchronization between multi-modal transmission. Then an overall system architecture of 5G-A for enabling XR is proposed with the concept of application-network coordination. And the latest advances of 3GPP standard on network architecture enhancements for XR are overviewed, including network-assistant service optimization, Quality of Service (QoS) enhancements, and power saving optimization. Finally, the future standard and research directions for Metaverse are analyzed, including integrated architecture with communication-sensing-computing, immersive experience enhancements for new media types, intelligent network, security and privacy aspects.
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Huang et al. (2023) studied this question.
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