Key result
Premature CAD in Indian teens presents predominantly as STEMI in males, with ~59% presenting acutely.
Why the study?
The clinical, social, biochemical, and angiographic profile of Indian teenagers with premature coronary artery disease was not well characterized.
Observational (n=17)
Teenage Indians with premature coronary artery disease predominantly present with STEMI and exhibit a high prevalence of smoking and low HDL cholesterol.
Teenage PCAD remains rare (0.6%); leaves open whether risk profiles differ from older youth and requires larger prospective data.
BACKGROUND wanted to study clinical, social, biochemical and angiographic profile of Indian in their teens (13 to 19 yrs. age) with Premature Coronary Artery Disease (PCAD). is a prospective ongoing descriptive observational study of Indians aged 40 years with Coronary Artery Disease which was started on 1st April, 2017. 3450 patients registered in PCAD registry till date, 17 satisfied entry criteria. clinical and angiographic profile of these patients was documented. lipids were estimated using commercially available kits. The of different lipid profile parameters was visualised by nonparametric plot. The data was analysed by statistical software R version 3.5.0. 17 out of total of 3450 patients (0.6%) registered under PCAD registry belonged study age group for this particular study. The mean age of all patients under registry was 18.34 years. 1 patient each was 15 and 16 years old, two and seventeen-year olds and majority (9) of them were 19 years. Average age of study group was 18.345 yrs. A majority of 16 (94%) of the patients were . 8 (47.10%) were smokers. 1 patient (5.8%) was diabetic and 1 patient (5.8%) was hypertensive. 2 (11.7%) had strong family history of premature artery disease. Most common index presentation of coronary artery in teenage Indians was with ST elevation myocardial infarction (10 – 58.9%), and unstable angina / Non-ST elevation MI (2 patients – 11.7%). 3 patients (17.6%) presented with evolved myocardial infarction, 2 (11.6%) presented with spontaneous myocardial infarction. Mean total of entire study population was 171.95 ± 47.11, LDL was 116.39 ± 84.81 mg/dL, HDL was 34.50 ± 9.64, TG was 165.18 ± 87.11, non-HDL was 138.09 ± 46.18. Studies have shown that atherosclerotic plaques or their precursors can seen in children younger than 10 years (2 – 5). During later life, effect of lifestyle, coupled with unhealthy nutrition, smoking, alcohol , obesity and family history of cardiovascular disease accelerates disease. The problem in India is the incomplete detection, , and control of CAD risk factors. Larger sample population studies are to draw population specific cut-off values for risk factors and to discover risk factors.
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Patil et al. (2020) conducted an observational in Premature Coronary Artery Disease (n=17). Premature Coronary Artery Disease was evaluated on Clinical and angiographic profile. Among 17 Indian teenagers with premature coronary artery disease, 94% were male, 47.1% were smokers, and the most common presentation was ST elevation myocardial infarction (58.9%).
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