We show that an ultraviolet prepulse significantly enhances the water-window x-ray emission and brightness for a droplet-target laser plasma. By combining a 65 mJ, 120 ps, λ=532 nm main pulse with an up to 3 mJ prepulse, the emitted x-ray photon flux may be increased more than eight times. The resulting C VI λ=3.37 nm line emission is more than 3×1012 photons/sr⋅pulse, corresponding to a conversion efficiency above 3%/line. The integrated spectral brightness is increased two times and is found to reach its maximum for different prepulse parameters than those resulting in maximum photon flux.
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Berglund et al. (1996) studied this question.