Chemical Composition, Bioactivities, and Cosmetic Applications of Coconut Oil and Its Derivatives

Coconut oil ( Cocos nucifera L.) is rich in medium-chain triglycerides, among which lauric acid is the most abundant, contributing to important biological activities such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. Recent studies provide further evidence that coconut oil is beneficial to the skin rather than harmful when used properly. In particular, the relationship between coconut oil and the skin microflora greatly influences its biological activity when applied topically. In this study, common methods of coconut oil extraction, along with the advantages and disadvantages of each method, are presented. The chemical composition and biological activities of coconut oil are also analyzed. The interaction between coconut oil and the skin microflora is clarified to partly explain the differences reported in previous studies on the effects of coconut oil. In addition, some typical applications and experimental findings are summarized, showing the great potential of coconut oil in the current cosmetic industry.