Battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are crucial for decarbonizing transportation, with their market penetration depending on cost structures and innovative technologies. This review analyzes key cost and performance parameters along the vertical integration axis of BEV electrification, from battery cells to energy system integration. It highlights innovative battery technologies, advanced pack integration, vehicle cost structures, and energy system synergies, offering researchers and manufacturers guidance for technology selection and holistic system integration.
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Koloch et al. (2026) studied this question.
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