A holistic workflow for evaluating photovoltaic integrated shading devices across future climate scenarios

Photovoltaic integrated shading devices (PVSDs) combine solar control and electricity generation, but their performance depends on geometry, orientation, visual comfort, energy demand, and economic assumptions. This study develops a simulation workflow for evaluating PVSD alternatives during the early design stage and applies it to a classroom in Hanoi under typical and future climate scenarios. Overhangs, 20° tilted overhangs, louvers, and vertical fins were assessed across four façade orientations using daylighting simulation, EnergyPlus modeling, PV generation analysis, and economic assessment based on levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) and life cycle cost (LCC). All configurations achieved acceptable daylight availability, while glare and sunlight exposure varied by orientation. Louvers produced the lowest annual energy consumption for south, west, and east orientations, while vertical fins performed best for the north. Under 2040 climate conditions, annual total energy consumption increased by 3.50–4.09% and annual total energy generation by 1.76–5.63%, without changing the relative ranking of the PVSD configurations. The 20° tilted overhang achieved the lowest LCC for south, west, and east orientations. These results show that PVSD selection requires integrated assessment because the best energy saving option is not always the most economically favorable.