Position-specific differences in match performance of elite U-17 soccer players using GPS-derived external load data: focus on forwards and defenders

[Purpose] The objective of this study was to investigate differences in match performance characteristics between forwards and defenders among elite U-17 soccer players using Global Positioning System (GPS)-derived data.[Methods] This study included 37 elite U-17 soccer players representing Gyeonggi Province. External load data collected during official matches were analyzed. Variables were classified as measures of aerobic capacity, anaerobic capacity, neuromuscular performance, and agility and change-of-direction ability. Between-group differences were assessed using independent samples t-tests.[Results] No significant positional differences were observed in total distance covered, distance per minute, mean speed, or low- to moderate-intensity activity zones (p > 0.05). Compared with defenders, forwards demonstrated significantly higher values for high-speed running distance, a higher proportion of high-intensity activity, maximum speed, and high-intensity acceleration and change-of-direction performance (p < 0.05).[Conclusion] These findings suggest that at the elite youth level, fundamental aerobic capacity is similarly developed across playing positions, whereas high-intensity movement and neuromuscular performance capacities vary according to playing roles and tactical demands. Accordingly, training programs and player development strategies should be designed to account for positional characteristics.