Key result
Non-Newtonian fluid models yield no major change in simulated arterial bifurcation flow vs Newtonian models.
Why the study?
The study aimed to predict three-dimensional flows through canine femoral artery bifurcations under physiological conditions and to investigate the impact of blood's non-Newtonian properties on flow patterns.
Numerical simulations of canine femoral bifurcations show good agreement with in vivo measurements and suggest non-Newtonian blood characteristics may not significantly alter general flow patterns.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Computational models of canine bifurcation flow may guide hemodynamic hypotheses; leaves open validation and clinical translation.
Three-dimensional flows through canine femoral bifurcation models were predicted under physiological flow conditions by solving numerically the time-dependent three-dimensional Navier-stokes equations. In the calculations, two models were assumed for the blood, those of (a) a Newtonian fluid, and (b) a non-Newtonian fluid obeying the power law. The blood vessel wall was assumed to be rigid this being the only approximation to the prediction model. The numerical procedure utilized a finite volume approach on a finite element mesh to discretize the equations, and the code used (ASTEC) incorporated the SIMPLE velocity-pressure algorithm in performing the calculations. The predicted velocity profiles were in good qualitative agreement with the in vivo measurements recently obtained by Jones et al. The non-Newtonian effects on the bifurcation flow field were also investigated, and no great differences in velocity profiles were observed. This indicated that the non-Newtonian characteristics of the blood might not be an important factor in determining the general flow patterns for these bifurcations, but could have local significance. Current work involves modeling wall distensibility in an empirically valid manner. Predictions accommodating these will permit a true quantitative comparison with experiment.
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Xu et al. (1992) studied Canine femoral bifurcation flow. Non-Newtonian fluid model vs. Newtonian fluid model was evaluated on Velocity profiles and flow patterns. Numerical simulations of canine femoral bifurcations showed that non-Newtonian blood characteristics did not greatly alter general flow patterns compared to a Newtonian fluid model.
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