The ammonium adsorption capacity of coffee husk‑derived activated carbon composite with \(MnFe_2O_4\)

In this study, a composite material between MnFe2O4 and activated carbon from coffee husks (MFO/AC) was synthesized using co precipitate and hydrothermal methods to remove ammonium from aqueous solutions. The characteristics of MFO/AC were characterized and evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectra (FTIR). The ammonium adsorption process of MFO/AC was investigated through batch experiments, assessing parameters such as solution pH (3 ÷ 8), contact time (5 ÷ 120 min), material dosage (0.2 ÷ 3 g.L-1), and initial ammonium concentration (10 ÷ 60 mg.L-1). Results indicate that MFO/AC effectively adsorbs ammonium, which is attributed to the functional groups on the composite surface. The maximum ammonium adsorption capacity of MFO/AC was 15.97 mg.g-1 at an initial ammonium concentration of 20 mg.L-1, pH 7, material dosage of 1.5 g.L-1, and contact time of 80 min. The MFO/AC composite material has the potential to be an effective agent for ammonium removal from wastewater.