Coffins From the Abusir Tomb of Nyankhseshat (AS 104) Through the Lens of Wood Analysis

This article presents the results of an integrated Egyptological and anatomical study of wooden coffin fragments from the mastaba of Nyankhseshat at Abusir South (AS 104), dated to the early Fourth Dynasty. The assemblage includes remains of at least three coffins and probably of two wooden boxes. Wood analysis identified predominantly imported cedar ( Cedrus sp.) and cypress ( Cupressus sempervirens L.), alongside local Vachellia nilotica . The study examines timber selection, construction techniques and the use of protective red pigment applied to joints and surfaces. The findings provide new insights into the materiality, crafting practices and possible symbolic dimensions of Old Kingdom wooden coffins.