Nature-Integrated Environments for Psychological Recovery in Post-Conflict Rehabilitation Facilities in Northern Nigeria

This study examines the therapeutic relevance of nature-integrated environmental qualities in post-conflict rehabilitation settings, using Maiduguri, Borno State, as the contextual focus. Attention Restoration Theory and Stress Reduction Theory provide the conceptual basis for linking exposure to nature with cognitive restoration, reduced stress and emotional regulation. A mixed-methods approach combined assessment of two international precedents, a structured questionnaire administered to 65 respondents, and semi-structured interviews with six professionals involved in rehabilitation services. Descriptive analysis was used for questionnaire responses, while interview data were thematically analysed. Findings indicate strong stakeholder recognition of natural light, vegetation, views of nature, natural materials, ventilation and access to outdoor spaces as supportive of psychological well-being. However, respondents also identified inadequate green spaces, limited daylight, weak natural ventilation and insufficient attention to psychological comfort in existing facilities. The study therefore proposes a context-responsive framework centred on shaded courtyards, controlled daylight, climate-suitable vegetation, natural materials, clear spatial hierarchy, privacy, security and user choice for users during recovery. The findings demonstrate that nature-integrated environments can complement psychosocial services and contribute to more restorative rehabilitation settings in post-conflict Northern Nigeria