Key result
Multidisciplinary preoperative optimization cuts postoperative complications and hospital stay in comorbid patients.
Why the study?
The effects of preoperative optimization on reducing perioperative complications and improving outcomes in patients with chronic diseases undergoing surgery were not systematically reviewed.
Does preoperative optimization improve clinical outcomes and reduce perioperative complications in patients with chronic comorbidities undergoing surgery?
Systematic Review (n=20)
Does preoperative optimization improve clinical outcomes and reduce perioperative complications in patients with chronic comorbidities undergoing surgery?
Preoperative optimization through a multidisciplinary approach improves surgical care quality, reduces complications, and enhances functional recovery for patients with chronic comorbidities.
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Supports multidisciplinary preoperative optimization in comorbid surgical patients; confirms qualitative benefits across recent interventions for guideline refinement.
Introduction: This research aims to systematically review the existing scientific literature on the effects of preoperative optimization on patients with chronic diseases. The focus is on reducing perioperative complications, improving clinical outcomes, and enhancing the effectiveness of care in surgical internal medicine. Methods: A systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines using 20 articles from Scopus and Web of Science published between 2020 and 2025. The selected studies addressed interventions such as comprehensive geriatric assessments, remote care, anemia management, anticoagulation reversal, prehabilitation, and risk stratification tools. Results: The results indicate an overall trend toward decreased adverse events after surgery, improved functional recovery, and reduced hospitalization duration in patients with comorbidities such as hypertension, diabetes, kidney disease, depression, and frailty. Conclusions: The study concludes that preoperative optimization, when carried out in a multidisciplinary manner with a clear protocol, significantly improves the quality of surgical care for complex patients. This represents an evidence-based practice that should be integrated as an essential component of the surgical process. In this way, the study provides a basis for developing institutional policies and future research aimed at confirming the efficacy and sustainability of preoperative optimization in different clinical contexts.
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Xareny Edith Martínez Carrera (2025) conducted a systematic review in Chronic comorbidities in surgical patients (n=20). Preoperative optimization vs. Standard care was evaluated on Perioperative complications and clinical outcomes. Preoperative optimization through multidisciplinary protocols decreases post-surgical adverse events, improves functional recovery, and reduces hospitalization duration in patients with chronic comorbidities.
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