We study the general properties of static, spherically symmetric, charged topological geons supported by a self-gravitating, minimally coupled scalar field with negative kinetic energy and an arbitrary self-interaction potential. In the most general case, it turns out that the gravitational mass of such a geon is completely determined by its electric charge and size (for a given scalar field), that is, the size of the corresponding wormhole throat. We discuss the properties of the charged Ellis–Bronnikov–Sorkin geon and argue that it can be considered as a possible classical model of elementary particles beyond the Standard Model, in particular, as dark matter particles.
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Alexander N. Tsirulev (2026) studied this question.
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