An Integrated Framework for Assessing Construction Material Reuse in Indoor Environments

Construction material reuse is increasingly recognised as an important strategy for improving resource efficiency, reducing construction waste, and supporting the transition towards a circular economy. However, existing assessment approaches primarily evaluate technical, environmental, economic, or health-related aspects independently, providing limited support for comprehensive decision-making regarding material reuse in indoor environments. This study proposes an integrated framework that combines technical performance, indoor environmental quality, environmental sustainability, economic feasibility, and regulatory compliance within a unified assessment methodology. The framework was developed through a structured analysis of the scientific literature, international standards, and regulatory documents related to circular construction and indoor environmental quality. It organises five complementary assessment dimensions into a structured decision-making process that incorporates mitigation, treatment, and reassessment where identified deficiencies are potentially remediable. The proposed framework brings previously fragmented assessment domains into a unified decision-making structure, with explicit consideration of indoor environmental quality and the possibility of mitigation and reassessment, while remaining compatible with existing standards and engineering practice. The framework provides a structured basis for supporting transparent decision-making and the implementation of circular economy principles in indoor construction.