Locally Advanced Renal Squamous Cell Carcinoma Secondary to Chronic Nephrolithiasis: A Case Emphasizing Diagnostic Challenges and the Essential Role of Image-Guided Biopsy

This case report presents a rare locally advanced renal squamous cell carcinoma (RSCC) with hepatic invasion. The patient had a long-term nephrolithiasis history, and diagnosis was confirmed via image-guided biopsy. A multidisciplinary team developed the treatment plan, highlighting that RSCC should be considered in aggressive renal masses with chronic stone history, with biopsy being essential for definitive diagnosis and multidisciplinary collaboration crucial for potential cure in advanced disease