Digital Technologies for Reducing the Carbon Footprint in the Interests of Sustainable Ecological and Economic Development of Agriculture

In the context of increasing ecological challenges and the necessity for more sustainable development models, global agriculture faces an important mission to provide food to people. The paper is devoted to the analysis of the main digital technologies and their potential in reducing the carbon footprint and ensuring sustainable ecological and economic development of agriculture. An analysis of the current global and Russian greenhouse gas emissions and their innovative solutions in agriculture and nature management was carried out. A review of the up-to-date technologies used in greenhouses and in the farming sector was presented, namely smart greenhouses and smart farming and their components such as the Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI), and big data. The innovative production system in agriculture is aimed at changing methods and approaches of monitoring, forecasting and decision-making. The described production system in agriculture optimizes agricultural production, increases its efficiency and the usage of resources (water, energy, fertilizers) and thus reduces greenhouse gas emissions in the agri-food chain.