Effect Of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise In Padmasana And Vajrasana Position And Jacobson Relaxation Technique In Young Adults With Pre- Hypertension And Anxiety On Cardio-Respiratory System And Psychology

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: RCT. Population: Prehypertension and anxiety (n=60). Intervention: Vajrasana position with diaphragmatic breathing and Jacobson relaxation vs. Padmasana position with diaphragmatic breathing and Jacobson relaxation. Primary outcome: Systolic blood pressure (p=0.000).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Diaphragmatic breathing exercise and Jacobson relaxation technique performed in the Vajrasana position are more effective at reducing blood pressure in young adults with prehypertension and anxiety than when performed in the Padmasana position. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Dr. Simrah Pathan, Dr. Varkha Sharma, Dr. Nensi Gandhi, Dr. Hiral Parmar, Shah Lubna, Dr. Bhavana Gadhavi

doi:10.64252/fvdhg091

July 2, 2025International Journal of Environmental SciencesOpen Access

Effect Of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise In Padmasana And Vajrasana Position And Jacobson Relaxation Technique In Young Adults With Pre- Hypertension And Anxiety On Cardio-Respiratory System And Psychology

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Key result

Vajrasana posture combined with breathing and relaxation significantly reduces blood pressure over Padmasana in prehypertension.

P=0.000
n=60

Why the study?

Prehypertension is common in young adults with anxiety and is associated with increased blood pressure and respiratory rate, necessitating evaluation of effective interventions.

Does Vajrasana combined with diaphragmatic breathing and Jacobson relaxation reduce blood pressure and anxiety compared to Padmasana in young adults with prehypertension and anxiety?

Key Points

To compare the efficacy of Vajrasana versus Padmasana postures during diaphragmatic breathing exercises and Jacobson relaxation technique on cardio-respiratory and psychological parameters in young adults with prehypertension and anxiety.
Sixty college students aged 18 to 25 years with prehypertension and anxiety were randomly assigned to Group A (Vajrasana) or Group B (Padmasana).
Both groups completed 15 minutes of diaphragmatic breathing exercises and Jacobson relaxation technique 4 days per week over 8 weeks, with 58 participants completing the trial (28 in Group A and 30 in Group B).
Outcomes included resting respiratory rate, Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A) scores, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure measured pre- and post-intervention.
Both postures led to significant intragroup reductions from baseline in respiratory rate, HAM-A anxiety scores, and blood pressure (Wilcoxon signed rank test p < 0.05).
Intergroup analysis revealed no significant differences between Vajrasana and Padmasana for respiratory rate (p = 0.392; abstract reports p = 0.732) or HAM-A anxiety scores (p = 0.509).
Group A achieved significantly greater reductions compared to Group B in systolic blood pressure (test statistic 13.389, p = 0.000) and diastolic blood pressure (test statistic 7.571, p = 0.006).

Study Design

Type

RCT (n=60)

Randomization

Randomized sampling (even-odd method)

Multicenter

No

Structured PICO

Does Vajrasana combined with diaphragmatic breathing and Jacobson relaxation reduce blood pressure and anxiety compared to Padmasana in young adults with prehypertension and anxiety?

P

Population

60 young adults (mean age 22, 86% female) with prehypertension and anxiety, randomized to Vajrasana or Padmasana combined with breathing and relaxation exercises for 8 weeks.

I

Intervention

Vajrasana posture combined with diaphragmatic breathing exercises (DBE) and Jacobson relaxation technique (JRT) for 15 minutes, 4 days a week over 8 weeks.

C

Comparator

Padmasana posture combined with diaphragmatic breathing exercises (DBE) and Jacobson relaxation technique (JRT) for 15 minutes, 4 days a week over 8 weeks.

O

Outcome

Blood pressure (systolic and diastolic), respiratory rate, and anxiety levels (Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale) pre- and post-intervention.surrogate

Main Result

p-value: p=0.000

In young adults with prehypertension and anxiety, practicing Vajrasana with breathing and relaxation techniques provides greater blood pressure reduction than Padmasana.

Limitations

Three-week duration prevented assessment of long-term effects
Participant selection was limited to those with pre-hypertension and anxiety
Factors influencing anxiety and blood pressure beyond those addressed were not considered
Participant selection limited to those with pre-hypertension and anxiety

Implication

Favors Vajrasana over Padmasana for greater BP reduction in prehypertensive young adults with anxiety; extends sparse RCT data on yoga posture specificity.

Abstract

Introduction: Prehypertension is commonly observed in young adults with anxiety, often leading to increased blood pressure and respiratory rate. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Vajrasana and Padmasana positions combined with diaphragmatic breathing and Jacobson relaxation in young adults with anxiety and prehypertension. Method: Sixty participants were divided into two groups (30 each). Group A practiced Vajrasana, and Group B practiced Padmasana, both with DBE and JRT for 15 minutes, 4 days a week over 8 weeks. BP, RR, and anxiety levels were recorded pre- and post-intervention. Results: Both groups showed significant improvement in RR (p=0.732) and anxiety (p=0.509), but Group A showed greater improvement in systolic (p=0.000) and diastolic BP (p=0.006). Conclusion: While both positions improved RR and anxiety, Vajrasana with DBE and JRT was more effective in reducing blood pressure, showing greater overall benefits.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Dr. Simrah Pathan, Dr. Varkha Sharma, Dr. Nensi Gandhi, Dr. Hiral Parmar, Shah Lubna, Dr. Bhavana Gadhavi (2025) conducted an RCT in Prehypertension and anxiety (n=60). Vajrasana position with diaphragmatic breathing and Jacobson relaxation vs. Padmasana position with diaphragmatic breathing and Jacobson relaxation was evaluated on Systolic blood pressure (p=0.000). Vajrasana combined with diaphragmatic breathing and Jacobson relaxation significantly reduced systolic (p=0.000) and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.006) compared to Padmasana in young adults with prehypertension and anxiety.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ac2fd087180a622ddd4df15 https://doi.org/10.64252/fvdhg091

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Effect Of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise In Padmasana And Vajrasana Position And Jacobson Relaxation Technique In Young Adults With Pre- Hypertension And Anxiety On Cardio-Respiratory System And Psychology

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

Effect Of Diaphragmatic Breathing Exercise In Padmasana And Vajrasana Position And Jacobson Relaxation Technique In Young Adults With Pre- Hypertension And Anxiety On Cardio-Respiratory System And Psychology

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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