Key result
TTE identifies hallmark endomyocardial fibrosis features, including ventricular obliteration and the mushroom sign.
Why the study?
Echocardiography is the primary diagnostic tool for Endomyocardial Fibrosis in endemic areas, but detailed echocardiographic features across age groups need highlighting.
Case Report (n=8)
No
May support echocardiography for endomyocardial fibrosis diagnosis across ages; hypothesis-generating and requires prospective validation.
Evolution of two-dimensional and color Doppler echocardiography identified the typical features of Endomyocardial Fibrosis (EMF) such as dense ventricular apical fibrosis, dysfunction of atrioventricular valve and sub-valvular apparatus and cavity dimensions. This is the tool used most for the diagnosis of EMF in areas where the disease is endemic in Africa. Today echocardiography is used as a screening tool to identify cases of EMF at the community level and it could be confirmed at the bed side. Background of these cases highlighted the echocardiographic features of EMF in different age groups and the oldest one reported at the age of 85 years in a female in advanced stage at this coastal district of Thoothukudi in India.
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Ramachandran Muthiah (2016) conducted a case report in Endomyocardial Fibrosis (n=8). Transthoracic 2D Echocardiography was evaluated on Echocardiographic characteristics of Endomyocardial Fibrosis. Transthoracic 2D echocardiography effectively identified characteristic features of endomyocardial fibrosis, such as the 'mushroom sign' of apical fibrosis and ventricular obliteration, in patients ranging from 8 to 85 years old.
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