Primary Varicella Infection Presenting as Kaposi Varicelliform Eruption in an Unimmunized Infant With Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Case Report

Learning Points Kaposi varicelliform eruption is classically associated with herpes simplex virus but may rarely occur secondary to primary varicella‐zoster virus infection. Children with poorly controlled atopic dermatitis are at increased risk because of impaired skin barrier function. Clinical morphology and distribution are necessary to make the initial diagnosis of Kaposi varicelliform eruption, with a positive VZV PCR confirming the pathogenic source. Early PCR confirmation and prompt antiviral therapy are essential to reduce the risk of serious complications. Routine varicella immunization substantially reduces severe varicella disease and remains an important strategy for preventing complications of primary VZV infection.