Risk of sudden coronary death based on genetic background in Chinese Han population

Figures

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  Figure 1. Results of 21 single nucleotide polymorphisms from a random individual from the control group. Blue represents guanine, green represents adenine, black represents cytosine and red represents thymine. Signals: 1, rs2389202; 2, rs11624056; 3, rs4665058; 4, rs17718586; 5, rs2982694; 6, rs16866933; 7, rs12429889; 8, rs7307780; 9, rs17291650; 10, rs10183640; 11, rs9581094; 12, rs12189362; 13, rs11187837; 14, rs4621553; 15, rs1559040; 16, rs10829156; 17, rs2281680; 18, rs597503; 19, rs16942421; 20, rs12155623; and 21, rs2251393.

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  Figure 2. Results of 15 SNPs in each group. Blue represents the control group, red represents the SCD group and green represents the CHD group. Genotype data for these 15 SNPs are presented in Table SII. SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; CHD, coronary heart disease; SCD, sudden coronary death.

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  Figure 3. MDR results of the prediction models that added SNPs obtained via the χ2 test. Blue represents the prediction model of CHD, red represents the prediction model of SCD and green represents the prediction model of sudden death from CHD. The statistical results of MDR are presented in Table SIII (balance accuracy testing). The results demonstrated that as the number of predictive model SNPs increased and the testing accuracy of models exhibited a downward trend, particularly the models of CHD and sudden death from CHD. SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; CHD, coronary heart disease; SCD, sudden coronary death; MDR, multifactor dimensionality reduction.

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  Figure 4. Results of the AUC of the prediction models that added SNPs obtained via the χ2 test with 10, 4 and 6 SNPs, respectively. (A) AUC values of the prediction model of CHD. (B) AUC values of the prediction model of SCD. (C) AUC values of the prediction model of sudden death from CHD. The statistical results of AUC are presented in Table SIV (Region). The results demonstrated that, as the number of predictive model SNPs increased, the testing accuracy of models exhibited an upward trend. SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; CHD, coronary heart disease; SCD, sudden coronary death; AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.

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  Figure 5. Entropy-based interaction graph from MDR analysis. MDR results of the prediction models that added SNPs obtained via the χ2 test, with 10, 4 and 6 SNPs, respectively. (A) Prediction model of CHD. (B) Prediction model of SCD. (C) Prediction model of sudden death from CHD. Entropy values in the cells of individual SNPs indicate the main independent effects. Entropy values marked on the lines connecting two SNPs represent the entropy of interaction. Blue lines indicate a high degree of redundancy, green lines indicate a reduced degree of redundancy and yellow lines represent independence or additivity. SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; CHD, coronary heart disease; SCD, sudden coronary death; MDR, multifactor dimensionality reduction.

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  Figure 6. MDR results of the prediction models that added SNPs via binary logistic regression. Blue represents the prediction model of CHD, red represents the prediction model of SCD and green represents the prediction model of sudden death from CHD. The statistical results of MDR are presented in Table V (balance accuracy testing). The results demonstrated that as the number of SNPs increased, the testing accuracy of models exhibited a steady or slight upward trend, which achieved a better prediction effect. SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; CHD, coronary heart disease; SCD, sudden coronary death; MDR, multifactor dimensionality reduction.

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  Figure 7. Entropy-based interaction graph from MDR analysis. MDR results of the prediction models that added SNPs via binary logistic regression, with 4, 6 and 4 SNPs, respectively. (A) Prediction model of CHD. (B) Prediction model of SCD. (C) Prediction model of sudden death from CHD. Entropy values in the cells of individual SNPs indicate the main independent effects. Entropy values marked on the lines connecting two SNPs represent the entropy of interaction. Blue lines indicate a high degree of redundancy, green lines indicate a reduced degree of redundancy, yellow lines represent independence or additivity and red lines represent an increased degree of independence. SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; CHD, coronary heart disease; SCD, sudden coronary death; MDR, multifactor dimensionality reduction.

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  Figure 8. AUC values of the prediction models that added SNPs via binary logistic regression. (A) Prediction model of CHD. (B) Prediction model of SCD. (C) Prediction model of sudden death from CHD. The SNPs of each prediction model and their AUC values were as follows: Four SNPs (rs12429889, rs10829156, rs16942421 and rs12155623) that predict CHD, 0.928; six SNPs (rs2389202, rs2982694, rs10183640, rs597503, rs16942421 and rs12155623) that predict SCD, 0.922; and four SNPs (rs16866933, rs4621553, rs10829156 and rs12155623) that predict sudden death from CHD, 0.912. SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; CHD, coronary heart disease; SCD, sudden coronary death; MDR, multifactor dimensionality reduction; AUC, area under the receiver operating characteristic curve.