The families Clostridiaceae , Lachnospiraceae , and Oscillospiraceae are key but poorly cultured constituents of the human gut microbiota. From healthy Chinese adults, four anaerobic strains (SJQ-1 T , SJQ-5 T , SJQ-6 T , and SJQ-8 T ) were isolated. 16S rRNA gene phylogeny placed SJQ-1 T and SJQ-5 T in Clostridiaceae , SJQ-6 T in Lachnospiraceae , and SJQ-8 T in Oscillospiraceae . Genomic comparisons (16S rRNA gene similarity, ANI, AAI, and dDDH) indicated they represent novel species or genera. Their closest relatives are the “ Anaeromassilibacillus senegalensis ” mt9ᵀ (a non-validly published genus name), the Jutongia huaianensis NSJ-37ᵀ, and the Flintibacter porci P01025ᵀ, respectively. Strain SJQ-5ᵀ exhibited ANI/AAI/dDDH values far below genus boundaries, supporting a novel genus. All strains produced short-chain fatty acids and displayed distinct carbon utilization and enzymatic profiles. Based on those results, we propose new taxa Alvibacillus kangbaii gen. Nov., sp. nov. for type strain SJQ-1 T and Dizhoua hominis gen. Nov., sp. nov. for type strain SJQ-5ᵀ, and 2 other new species Jutongia huiwenae sp. nov. (type strain SJQ-6ᵀ) and Flintibacter aciditolerans sp. nov. (type strain SJQ-8ᵀ). This study expands the cultured diversity of the order Eubacteriales and provides new bioresources and taxonomic foundation for future mechanistic and functional investigations.
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Zhao et al. (2026) studied this question.
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