Comparison of Nematode Communities in Agricultural Soils of North Carolina and Nebraska

Samples of agricultural soils were collected across North Carolina in 1992 and Nebraska in 1993 to determine which indices of nematode communities could be applied to distinguish ecological pattern at regional geographic scales. Sampling density was proportional to the area of agriculture in each region of each state. Maturity indices (based on life-history characteristics) were calculated to determine the successional status of nematode communities, and diversity indices were calculated to estimate relative abundance of nematode trophic groups. Population densities of nematode families were also compared between states and among regions within states. The range of maturity-index values for free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes was greater for soils in North Carolina than in Nebraska. The relative distribution of nematode trophic groups (bacterial feeders, fungal feeders, plant parasites, omnivores, and predators) was similar in the two states. Significant differences in maturity-index values for free-living and plant-parasitic nematodes were found between but not within states. We conclude that regional or national assessments of soil ecological condition based on measures of nematode community structure can be made at a geographic resolution of 125000–200000 km2 of land area.