Toxicological Effects of Thiamethoxam on Non-Target Aquatic Organisms

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Thiamethoxam (THM), a neonicotinoid insecticide, has garnered significant attention due to its prevalence in agriculture and potential toxicity to aquatic organisms. This study aims to summarize the toxicological effects of THM on non-target aquatic organisms. Insecticide THM enters aquatic ecosystems through various routes, including runoff from treated fields, drifting from sprayed areas, and leaching into groundwater. The impact of THM on various species of fish, crustaceans, and aquatic insects has been extensively studied, yielding disparate results regarding its toxicity. The toxicity of THM is contingent upon various factors, including the species and developmental stage of the organism and the conditions of exposure. Despite this variability, several studies have indicated that certain species of fish and crustaceans are highly susceptible to the toxic effects of THM. In addition to the acute toxicity of THM, its chronic effects have also been a source of concern. Chronic exposure to low levels of insecticide has been demonstrated to result in many deleterious effects, including growth inhibition, altered behavior, and decreased reproductive success. Given the potential toxicity of THM to aquatic organisms, it is imperative to undertake a comprehensive risk assessment to minimize its release into the aquatic environment. Further research is needed to better understand the full extent of the toxicological effects of THM on non-target aquatic organisms and to develop effective mitigation strategies.