A Study of Prevalence of Risk Factors of Coronary Artery Disease in Diabetic Patients and Comparison with Normal Subjects

Introduction: The diabetes mellitus is described as metabolic disorder of multiple etiology characterized by chronic hyperglycemia with disturbance of carbohydrate, protein and fat metabolism resulting in insulin secretion, insulin action or both.This study was done to check the prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) risk factors in diabetic patients and compare with normal subjects.Material and methods: Sixty diagnosed cases of diabetes and 60 normal subjects from patients attending Diabetic Clinic, Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.This was hospital based cross sectional observational study.Diagnosed case of diabetes was taken and non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors of CAD were compared with normal subjects with available data of risk factors CAD.Results: Mean age of the case group was 48.51 yrs, 46.6% of case group had hypertension, in comparison of control group had only 15%.Study showed overweight (BMI>25 Kg/m 2 ) was observed in 25 (41.6%)diabetic patients in comparison to control which had only 2 (3%) subjects being overweight.About 5% of diabetic cases had family history of CAD.Family history of diabetes was present in 32% of diabetic patients and family history of hypertension was present in 18% of diabetic population.Conclusion: This study showed the prevalence of risk factor of CAD in diabetic patients was significantly higher compared with normal subjects.