Recent Advances on Multicomponent Reactions Based on the Transamination Process of Electron Deficient Enamines

Electron deficient enamines bear several different nucleophilic and eletrophilic sites in their structures, they can also serve as donors of C＝C bonds in organic reactions.Therefore, electron deficient enamines have been broadly employed in organic synthesis via various nucleophilic, electrophilic transformation and cycloaddition.Based on the research interest and works of our group in the chemistry of electron deficient enamines, the research advances on multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are reviewed based on the transamination of electron deficient enamines with ammomium, amines, enamines, ureas and thioureas as key transformation.Keywords electron deficient enamine; transamination; multicomponent reactions; heterocycle 烯胺是有机化学中最古老和经典有机化合物之一, 这类化合物通常可以由胺和含 α-碳的醛或酮缩合得到.和普通的碳亲核试剂如醛酮(α-碳)相比, 相应的烯胺具 有更高的 HOMO 轨道能量, 导致 α-氢具有更强的酸性, 进而使得这类化合物具有更强的亲核性 [1,2] .因此烯胺 类化合物不论是作为原料 [3～7] , 还是作为反应的活性中 间体 [8～12] , 在合成化合物中都显示了巨大的潜力.当烯 胺 α-碳和吸电子基团如羰基、酯基、硝基或氰基等相连 时, 得到的相应的烯胺酮、烯胺酯、硝基烯胺和氰基烯 胺都是典型的缺电子烯胺.由于吸电子基团的存在, 双 键电子云进一步极化, 从而增加了和吸电子基团相连的 β-碳的亲电活性以及 α-碳的亲核性.此外,