Analysis of Temperature Regime Changes in an Embankment within the Permafrost Zone of Yakutia (Based on Numerical Modeling in COMSOL Multiphysics)

Objective: to perform a numerical analysis of the temperature regime changes in a railway embankment and its multilayered foundation, situated in the continuous permafrost zone of Central Yakutia, considering "water-ice" phase transitions and seasonal fluctuations of climatic factors. Methods: the study employs the finite element method for modeling non-stationary heat transfer processes within the COMSOL Multiphysics software package. Results: the modeling established characteristic features of temperature distribution within the embankment body and foundation during winter and summer. Practical significance: the obtained data can be utilized in the design of linear structures (railways and highways) in permafrost zones to justify the necessity of employing structural mitigation measures.