A Critical Review of Samprapti of Madhumeha in Sutrasthana 17 of Charaka Samhita and its Correlation with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Pathophysiology

Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a major global health burden, and Ayurveda had described a comparable condition, Madhumeha, more than two thousand years earlier. Charaka Samhita, Sutrasthana 17, Sloka 78-81, gives an unusually compact account of Madhumeha's pathogenesis that has drawn less scholarly attention than the fuller description in Nidanasthana. Objectives: This review examines these four Sloka closely, compares them with the treatment of Prameha and Madhumeha in Sushruta Samhita, Ashtanga Hridaya, Madhava Nidana and Sharangadhara Samhita, and builds a stage-by-stage comparison between this classical pathological model and the current understanding of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods: A narrative review was conducted following SANRA quality criteria. Classical texts were read in standard published editions. PubMed, Scopus and the DHARA/AYUSH research portal were searched Results: The Sloka describe a sequence of dietary and behavioural excess, tissue vitiation, obstruction of Vāta's channel, depletion of Ojas, a relapsing-remitting course, and complications on neglect. Each stage finds a reasonably specific modern counterpart, from sedentary and caloric risk factors through visceral adiposity to molecular blockade of insulin signalling, progressive beta-cell decline, and diabetic complications. Conclusion: The comparison is strongest at the level of Avarana and weakest for entities like Ojas and Chinta. It is best read as a structured interpretation rather than an established biochemical equivalence, useful for generating hypotheses for further clinical study.