Flow Characteristics of Kerosene Fuel in a Heated Tube at Different Temperatures

This study experimentally investigated the internal flow and injector-outlet behavior of heated kerosene using a fuel-heating system that simulated a scramjet regenerative-cooling environment.Under single-phase flow conditions, temperature, pressure, and liquid-jet shape remained relatively stable.Under two-phase flow conditions, bubble formation and gas-liquid interface fluctuations increased the temperature and pressure oscillations, while phase change occurred earlier at the lower mass flow rate.Increased interface disturbances were also accompanied by irregular near-field liquid-jet behavior.초