System Analysis of Service-Oriented Transformation Methods and Models of Regional Energy Systems in the Context of Efficiency, Profitability, and Resilience

This paper presents the results of a system analysis of theoretical and applied approaches to the transformation of service-oriented activities of economic agents in the energy sector. Four complementary layers of knowledge are summarized: (1) Service-Dominant Logic (SDL); (2) Product-Service Systems (PSS) and Energy-as-a-Service (EaaS); (3) Peer-to-Peer (P2P) and cooperative markets; and (4) Energy services and Demand-Side Management models. It is noted that SDL provides a unified framework for aligning the technical, economic, and social aspects of energy system transformation; PSS/EaaS approaches increase asset productivity and energy efficiency while reducing capital costs through outcome-based rather than resource-based contracts; P2P and cooperative architectures foster local energy autonomy, which is crucial for Ukraine’s post-war energy recovery. Energy service markets are becoming the institutional mechanism of digital transformation by involving communities in flexibility markets, while the regional meso-level plays a key integrating role, ensuring coherence among technical, economic, and digital processes. Its function lies in coordinating cross-sectoral and inter-level interactions, promoting energy efficiency and innovation, ensuring resilience, security, and flexibility, and forming a new service-oriented architecture of the national energy complex. It is shown that Ukraine’s regional energy systems will require: the development of EaaS platforms based on Datahub technology enabling smart contracts among consumers, ESCO companies, and system operators; the creation of local flexibility markets within communities; the use of service-oriented models for sustainable microgrids, especially for critical infrastructure (hospitals, educational institutions, military facilities); and the inclusion of value co-creation principles in new editions of the Law “On Energy Efficiency” and ESCO regulations.