Spontaneous Intracranial Hypotension in the Critical Patient

Spontaneous intracranial hypotension typically manifests with orthostatic headaches and is caused by spinal dural tears, ruptured meningeal diverticula, or CSF-venous fistulas. While most patients are diagnosed and treated in the outpatient setting, some patients will occasionally present in the emergent ICU setting due to subdural hematomas, coma, or downward brain herniation. In this review paper, we will discuss the diagnostic and treatment steps that intensivists can undertake to coordinate a team approach to successfully manage these patients. A brief general overview of spontaneous intracranial hypotension will also be discussed.