A Study on the Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modification Combined with Statin Use in Preventing Heart Disease

Q: What are the key findings of this study?

Lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy significantly improved cardiovascular outcomes compared to statin therapy alone (AOR 3.84).

Q: What is the clinical evidence from this study?

Study design: Cohort. Population: Moderate to high cardiovascular risk (n=320). Intervention: Lifestyle modification plus statin therapy vs. Statin therapy alone. Primary outcome: Improved cardiovascular outcomes (AOR 3.84, 95% CI 2.11-6.98, p=<0.001).

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy provides superior cardiovascular risk factor reduction and lower rates of cardiovascular events compared with statin therapy alone. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Q: What question did this study set out to answer?

To evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy compared with statin therapy alone in preventing cardiovascular disease among individuals at moderate to high risk.

Najeem Khan; Muhammad Ehtisham; Abid Zaman; Hina Khattak; Uswa Moeen; Dr. Naeem Khan

doi:10.66021/pakmcr1126

May 31, 2026Pakistan Journal of Medical & Cardiological ReviewOpen Access

A Study on the Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modification Combined with Statin Use in Preventing Heart Disease

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Key result

Lifestyle changes plus statins linked to ~3.8-fold higher odds of improved cardiovascular outcomes.

AOR 3.84
95% CI 2.11-6.98
P<0.001
n=320

Why the study?

The effectiveness of lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy in preventing heart disease among individuals at moderate to high cardiovascular risk was evaluated.

Does lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy improve cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors in adults at moderate to high cardiovascular risk compared to statin therapy alone?

Key Points

To evaluate the effectiveness of lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy compared with statin therapy alone in preventing cardiovascular disease among individuals at moderate to high risk.
A prospective cohort study conducted from January to December 2024 evaluated 320 participants aged 40–75 years.
Participants were assigned to either a statin-only group (n=160) or a lifestyle modification plus statin group (n=160) receiving dietary counseling, physical activity, smoking cessation, stress management, and weight control over 12 months.
At 12 months, participants receiving combined therapy achieved lower LDL cholesterol (102.7 vs. 128.4 mg/dL), BMI (26.8 vs. 29.6 kg/m²), and systolic blood pressure (129.5 vs. 141.3 mmHg) compared with statin alone (all p<0.001).
Cardiovascular events were lower in the combined group, including myocardial infarction (4.4% vs. 11.3%, p=0.021), cardiac hospitalization (6.3% vs. 15.0%, p=0.010), stroke (1.9% vs. 5.6%, p=0.048), and new-onset angina (6.9% vs. 18.1%, p=0.002).
Multivariable logistic regression showed combined lifestyle and statin therapy independently predicted improved cardiovascular outcomes (AOR=3.84, 95% CI: 2.11–6.98, p<0.001).

Study Design

Type

Cohort (n=320)

Multicenter

Yes

Structured PICO

Does lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy improve cardiovascular outcomes and risk factors in adults at moderate to high cardiovascular risk compared to statin therapy alone?

P

Population

320 adults aged 40-75 years at moderate to high cardiovascular risk on statin therapy for primary prevention, followed for 12 months.

I

Intervention

Lifestyle modification program (individualized dietary counseling, support for regular aerobic physical activity ≥150 min/week, smoking cessation counseling, stress management, and weight reduction counseling) added to standard statin therapy for 12 months.

C

Comparator

Standard statin therapy alone, prescribed as per standard clinical practice.

O

Outcome

Prevention of heart disease, measured as the decrease in cardiovascular risk variables and the frequency of cardiovascular events over the 12-month monitoring period.composite

Main Result

Odds Ratio: 3.84 (95% CI 2.11–6.98)

p-value: p=<0.001

Adding comprehensive lifestyle modifications to statin therapy significantly improves lipid profiles, blood pressure, and reduces the incidence of short-term cardiovascular events compared to statin therapy alone in primary prevention.

Limitations

Conducted in selected tertiary care hospitals, limiting generalizability
Self-reporting bias regarding lifestyle adherence
Short 12-month follow-up period limits assessment of long-term maintainability
Lack of detailed subgroup analysis
Carried out in selected tertiary care hospitals, which may not be representative of the general population
Reliance on self-reporting could have led to reporting bias regarding lifestyle adherence
Follow-up period of 12 months might have been too short to assess long-term maintainability of lifestyle changes
Unmeasured differences in diet, socio-economic status, and medication compliance could have affected findings
Lack of long-term follow-up data and detailed subgroup analysis

Implication

May support adding lifestyle modification to statins in moderate-high risk patients; hypothesis-generating and requires RCTs to confirm causality.

Abstract

Background: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. This study evaluated the effectiveness of lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy in preventing heart disease among individuals at moderate to high cardiovascular risk. Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from January to December 2024 among 320 participants aged 40–75 years. Participants were assigned to either a statin-only group (n=160) or a lifestyle modification plus statin group (n=160). Lifestyle interventions included dietary counseling, regular physical activity, smoking cessation, stress management, and weight control. Clinical and cardiovascular outcomes were assessed over 12 months. Results: Participants receiving combined therapy showed significantly greater improvements in LDL cholesterol (102.7 vs. 128.4 mg/dL), BMI (26.8 vs. 29.6 kg/m²), systolic blood pressure (129.5 vs. 141.3 mmHg), and fasting blood glucose levels compared with the statin-only group (all p<0.001). Cardiovascular events were also lower, including myocardial infarction (4.4% vs. 11.3%), hospitalization (6.3% vs. 15.0%), stroke (1.9% vs. 5.6%), and angina (6.9% vs. 18.1%). Combined therapy, regular physical activity, smoking cessation, and BMI reduction independently predicted improved outcomes. Conclusion: Lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy provides superior cardiovascular protection compared with statin therapy alone and should be considered an essential component of heart disease prevention.

Discussion

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Cite This Study

Khan et al. (2026) conducted a cohort in Moderate to high cardiovascular risk (n=320). Lifestyle modification plus statin therapy vs. Statin therapy alone was evaluated on Improved cardiovascular outcomes (AOR 3.84, 95% CI 2.11-6.98, p=<0.001). Lifestyle modification combined with statin therapy significantly improved cardiovascular outcomes compared to statin therapy alone (AOR 3.84).

synapsesocial.com/papers/6ac72a2936c8cd5d094bf207 https://doi.org/10.66021/pakmcr1126

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A Study on the Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modification Combined with Statin Use in Preventing Heart Disease

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

A Study on the Effectiveness of Lifestyle Modification Combined with Statin Use in Preventing Heart Disease

Key Points

Study Design

Structured PICO

Main Result

Limitations

Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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