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Background. Diabetes mellitus is a chronic condition characterized by hyperglycemia due to the body's inability to use insulin effectively. This metabolic disorder occurs when insulin cannot function optimally to maintain blood glucose balance. Physical exercise is a non-pharmacological therapy that offers significant health benefits, particularly for individuals with diabetes mellitus. Aim. The purpose of this review is to assess the role of physical exercise in reducing blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Methods. A systematic review was conducted by examining journal databases including PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and Scopus. Inclusion criteria focused on studies from the past five years involving diabetes mellitus, physical exercise, and blood glucose control. A total of 850 articles were identified, of which nine peer-reviewed studies were selected based on relevance and quality. The study followed the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. Results. The findings consistently show that physical exercise contributes to the reduction of blood glucose levels in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion. Physical exercise has been confirmed as an effective non-pharmacological intervention for lowering blood glucose and enhancing overall health in individuals with diabetes mellitus. The review is limited to evaluating the general effects of physical activity without differentiating between specific exercise types. Future research should compare the relative effectiveness of aerobic versus anaerobic exercise in blood glucose regulation.
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Ayubi et al. (2025) studied this question.