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This review by the Legal and Ethical Advisory Group (LEAG) follows the 2024 summary, reviewing the important legal cases and Prevention of Future Deaths reports (PFDs) ruled or issued in 2025 that are pertinent to Intensive Care Medicine. The legal cases include Human Rights cases, Clinical Negligence cases, and rulings of the Court of Protection. Not all of the cases relate to events which have occurred in Intensive Care, however the rulings will have a bearing on Intensive Care practice.
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D’Sa et al. (2026) studied this question.
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