A Review on the Antiulcer Activity of Rasadravya: Ayurvedic Metallopharmaceuticals With Gastro Protective Potential

Rasadravyas the metallic and mineral substances used in Rasashastra, occupy an important position in Ayurvedic pharmaceutics. Traditionally, these drugs are processed through Shodhana (purification) and Marana (incineration) procedures to form bioavailable and non-toxic Bhasmas or Rasasinduras that exhibit potent therapeutic activity even in minute doses. Peptic ulcer and related disorders, described in Ayurveda as Amlapitta and Parinamashoola, are primarily Pittaja Vyadhi resulting from imbalance of Pitta Dosha and Agni Dushti. Several Rasadravyas such as Shankha Bhasma, Mukta Shukti Bhasma, Kapardika Bhasma, Tamra Bhasma, Abhraka Bhasma, and Suvarna Makshika Bhasma have been traditionally used in the management of Amlapitta and gastrointestinal disorders. Modern pharmacological studies have begun validating their antiulcer and gastro protective actions, including acid neutralization, cytoprotection, antioxidant and mucosal defense enhancement. This review compiles classical references, formulation uses, and available experimental evidence on the antiulcer potential of Rasadravyas.