Classification and Gis-Based Mapping of Karst Caves in Southwestern Uzbekistan

This study systematizes the classification and cartographic representation of karst caves in Southwestern Uzbekistan by integrating morphogenetic, genetic and lithological approaches with GIS and remote-sensing techniques. Karst forms are grouped into low-mountain and mountain classes, with low-, middle- and high-mountain subclasses, while lithological types include limestone, dolomite, marble, chalk, gypsum-anhydrite and salt karst. The paper synthesizes the approaches of M.M. Sweeting, V.N. Dublyansky and V.N. Andreychuk, the cave-origin classification of B.A. Vakhrushev, and the regional karst zoning framework used for Central Asia. The study area belongs to the Hissar–Alay subprovince of the eastern Paleozoic karst province and corresponds largely to the Hissar–Zarafshan karst district. Eight regional karst sectors are distinguished: Ziyovuddin–Zirabulak, Karatepa, Chakylkalon, northeastern Hissar, western Hissar, Boysuntau, Kugitang and Bobotag. GIS technologies and remote-sensing data are used to support cave mapping, spatial database construction and the development of speleotourism maps. The results provide a methodological basis for scientific inventory, regional karst zoning, cave protection and the development of speleotourism in Southwestern Uzbekistan.