The highly anisotropic electrocaloric effect, evidenced by both direct measurements and a descriptive theoretical model in lead-free relaxor ferroelectric Sr0.75Ba0.25Nb2O6 single crystals, can be exploited by producing low-cost grain-oriented ceramics. Combined with the broad-temperature-range cooling regime provided by their polar nanoregions, these materials may be the key to future cost- and energy-efficient solid-state refrigeration.
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Goupil et al. (2014) studied this question.
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