Background: Pineal gland calcification (PGC) is a common incidental intracranial finding identified on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scans. Knowledge of its prevalence and dimensions may aid radiographic interpretation. Objective: To evaluate the prevalence, anteroposterior and lateral dimensions of PGC on CBCT and assess their association with age and gender. Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study assessed 301 CBCT scans of patients aged 13–85 years with adequate pineal gland (PG) visualization. Data were analyzed using SPSS v20.0, with significance set at P < 0.05. Associations between categorical variables were assessed using Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests, while correlations between age and calcification dimensions were evaluated using Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient (rho). Results: PGC was identified in 150 of 301 scans (49.8%; 95% CI: 44.2–55.5%). No significant association was observed between age or gender and the presence, multiplicity, or dimensions of PGC, although prevalence was higher in individuals aged ≥60 years. A weak but statistically significant correlation was found between age and anteroposterior dimension, whereas no significant correlation was observed with lateral dimension. Conclusion: PGC was not significantly associated with age or gender. However, age correlated with anteroposterior dimension. These findings provide regional CBCT-based data on PGC, highlighting the importance of recognizing incidental PGC during radiographic interpretation.
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Pujari et al. (2026) studied this question.
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