Clinical and epidemiological overview of hyperacute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis

Background Hyperacute ischemic stroke is a type of ischemic stroke that occurs rapidly and suddenly due to blockage of blood flow to the brain, with onset within 0–24 h. The recommended treatment for hyperacute ischemic stroke patients is a recombinant tissue plasminogen activator (rtPA) according to the guidelines of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association (AHA/ASA) and the European Stroke Organization (ESO). In Indonesia, there is still limited adoption of intravenous thrombolysis, and the researchers hope that hospitals in Indonesia will adopt this treatment for managing hyperacute ischemic stroke patients. Objective This study aims to describe the clinical characteristics of hyperacute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis. Methods This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Dr. Hasan Sadikin Hospital in Bandung, which serves as the referral hospital for West Java for stroke cases treated with intravenous thrombolysis. The study employed total sampling from January 2021 to March 2024. Results From 23 patients, we found that most hyperacute ischemic stroke patients treated with intravenous thrombolysis were in the late elderly age group, 56–65 years old (43.5%), with onset within ≤ 4.5 h. Of the total sample, 91.3% of patients did not experience complications and approximately 50% of patients have good clinical and functional outcomes (based on NIHSS score). Conclusion This demonstrates the effectiveness of intravenous thrombolysis in managing hyperacute ischemic stroke patients. Future research should continue to explore optimal patient selection criteria and refine treatment protocols to further improve outcomes in stroke management.