Building a Healthy Mind: Factors Impacting Mental Health of Construction Workers

Mental health disorders are increasingly prevalent among construction workers, a group significantly affected by the physically demanding and hazardous nature of their work. While existing studies have examined mental health challenges in construction globally, empirical studies systematically examining and prioritizing the underlying factors driving poor mental health in the Nigerian construction context remain limited. This study aimed to identify and prioritize factors affecting construction workers’ mental health and to categorize them into underlying dimensions. Data were collected from 155 construction workers via a quantitative survey. The Relative Importance Index (RII) and Level of Agreement analysis prioritized the stressors, while Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) categorized them into underlying dimensions. Job insecurity, unfair compensation, and financial strain were identified as the primary factors affecting workers’ mental health. Four core domains emerged: work environment and compensation, social and organizational strain, work-life balance and recognition, and work nature and personal health. These findings highlight the role of economic instability and organizational support in shaping mental well-being. Targeted interventions are recommended, including policy reforms for fair wages, transparent compensation policies, and structured wellness programs. Industry stakeholders, policymakers, and mental health professionals should collaborate to promote mental well-being, improve productivity, and foster a resilient workforce.