Topological diversity and scintillating dynamics of dipolar surface twists in a van der Waals magnet

Realizing diverse configurations and dynamics of skyrmionic solitons offers additional topological and dynamical degrees of freedom for energy-efficient, topology-based spintronic devices. Extending these solitons into three dimensions further amplifies their potential, enabling the selective exploitation of surface- or bulk-topological characteristics, a regime that remains largely unexplored. Here, we report high-density dipolar-interaction-stabilized surface twists atop bulk stripe domains under zero magnetic field, through a systematic investigation of three-dimensional domain architectures in the room-temperature van der Waals ferromagnet Fe3GaTe2. Unlike conventional skyrmions with integer topological charges, these surface twists carry fractional charges and assemble into diverse composite configurations under field swapping, including aggregates of up to 13 surface twists and ring-like structures. Current-driven experiments uncover two distinct dynamic modes: scintillation, marked by the nucleation, annihilation, and helicity switching of surface twists, and ordered motion of bulk skyrmion strings. These behaviors arise from the interplay between spin-transfer torque and local pinning, establishing surface twists as tunable surface-localized topological states whose dynamics are decoupled from their bulk counterparts, thereby enabling versatile hybrid spintronic functionalities. Authors investigate the field- and current-driven dynamics of three-dimensional magnetic textures in Fe3GaTe2, revealing topological diversity and distinct dynamical behaviors at the surface and in the bulk.