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Concise Paper This paper examines the spatial composition of the basement of the Former Hyuga Villa in Atami, focusing on two oblique axes and their relationship to the pre-existing reinforced-concrete structure. Through comparison of surviving drawings, field measurements, and the existing condition, it identifies a directional difference of approximately 18.9 degrees and considers how Bruno Taut transformed this structural constraint into an integrated spatial composition.
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Mitsuru Matsunaga (2026) studied this question.
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