Compression-Shear Tests and Numerical Study on a Novel Energy-Dissipative Isolation Bearing

This study proposes a novel energy-dissipation isolation bearing, which is composed of Z-shaped dampers and a lead-core rubber bearing. Under cyclic loading, the damper provides additional stiffness and energy dissipation for the support through hysteresis behavior. The seismic performance of the novel energy dissipation isolation bearing was tested through compression-shear tests, taking into account the influence of the material type of the damper and the loading direction. In addition, a finite-element model was established to verify the test results. The results show that the novel energy-dissipation isolation bearing has a stable hysteresis curve and good energy dissipation performance. Under shear strains of 50, 100, and 150%, compared with LRB, the energy dissipation improvement range of the novel energy-dissipation isolation bearing remains stably within the range of 16–35%. The in-plane damper dissipates energy through bending-tensile deformation. The damper in the out-of-plane direction dissipates energy through bending and torsional deformation. Compared with Q235 steel dampers, iron-based shape-memory alloy dampers have a more significant improvement in energy dissipation performance, horizontal bearing capacity, and equivalent horizontal stiffness, and have smaller residual displacement. The numerical model accurately represents the hysteretic behavior of the novel energy-dissipating isolation bearing and effectively captures the stress concentration regions in the Z-shaped dampers. The predicted results show good agreement with the experimental data. In addition, the hysteresis characteristics of the novel energy-dissipation isolation bearing are almost isotropic, enabling it to resist seismic forces in any horizontal direction.