Exploring Corneal and Anterior Segment Changes in Asymptomatic Vitamin B12 Deficiency: A Cross-Sectional Study with Negative Findings

Purpose: To investigate whether vitamin B12 deficiency affects ocular anterior segment parameters including corneal endothelial cell characteristics and corneal topography in asymptomatic patients.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study included 45 patients with vitamin B12 deficiency (serum B12 level 0.05). Although the difference in corneal endothelial cell density between the groups did not reach statistical significance (p=0.09), a trend toward lower cell density was observed in the vitamin B12 deficient group.Conclusion: In asymptomatic patients, vitamin B12 deficiency did not appear to cause significant alterations in corneal endothelial morphology or anterior segment parameters. However, further longitudinal studies with larger cohorts are needed to assess whether prolonged deficiency or additional ocular/systemic pathologies influence these ocular parameters.