Комплексна Ультразвукова Оцінка Змін У Системі Мати-Плацента-Плід У Терміні Вагітності Більше 40 Тижнів

Introduction. Pregnancy lasting more than 40 weeks is accompanied by progressive morphological and functional changes in the mother-placenta-fetus system, which increases the risk of chronic hypoxia and perinatal complications. Timely ultrasound diagnosis of these changes is an important component of the management of pregnant women after 40 weeks of gestation. Objective. To evaluate the characteristics of changes in the mother-placenta-fetus system in women with a gestation period of more than 40 weeks based on comprehensive ultrasound diagnosis. Materials and methods. Thirty pregnant women with a gestation period of more than 40 weeks (main group) and nine women with a gestation period of 37-40 weeks (control group) were examined. Dopplerometry of the umbilical artery, fetometry, and placentometry were performed. Statistical analysis was performed using methods of variational statistics with a confidence level of p<0.05. Results. Women in the main group showed a significant increase in vascular resistance in the umbilical artery: S/D was 2.56±0.33 vs. 2.26±0.45 in the control group, RI was 0.60±0.06 vs. 0.54±0.07, PI was 0.90±0.08 vs. 0.81±0.15 (p<0.05). Fetometric indicators were higher: BPD – 93.40±3.75 mm vs. 90.46±3.50 mm, LPD – 118.26±6.20 mm vs. 113.46±5.12 mm, OG – 341.92±10.48 mm vs. 334. 35±5.31 mm, OC – 357.34±16.71 mm vs. 344.23±17.64 mm, DS – 75.21±2.86 mm vs. 72.60±2.28 mm (p<0.05). The degree of placental maturity in women in the main group was 2.96±0.18 vs. 2.66±0.50, its thickness was 39.47±3.88 mm vs. 42.48±3.55 mm in the control group (p<0.05), which indicates premature aging of the placenta. Conclusions. Comprehensive ultrasound assessment allows for the timely detection of hemodynamic and morphological disorders in the mother-placenta-fetus system during pregnancy lasting more than 40 weeks and justifies active obstetric tactics.