Kepemimpinan Manajerial Dan Kinerja Operasional Sektor Perkebunan: Systematic Literature Review

Managerial leadership is widely recognised as a key determinant of operational performance in plantation and agribusiness organisations. However, existing empirical evidence remains dispersed across different leadership perspectives, limiting a comprehensive understanding of how leadership contributes to organisational performance. This study examines the role of managerial leadership in improving operational performance through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines, six empirical studies meeting the inclusion criteria were identified and analysed using structured data extraction, cross-study comparison, and thematic analysis. The findings indicate that managerial leadership enhances operational performance by strengthening human resource capability, fostering work engagement, reinforcing organisational commitment, encouraging positive workplace behaviour, and improving organisational adaptability to environmental change. Although the reviewed studies adopt different leadership perspectives, including strategic leadership, transformational leadership, engaging leadership, servant leadership, and leadership competency, they consistently highlight leadership as an organisational capability that aligns strategic direction, human resource development, and operational execution. This review offers an integrated conceptual perspective on the mechanisms linking managerial leadership and operational performance, providing theoretical insights and practical implications for leadership development in plantation and agribusiness organisations. Keyword: managerial leadership, operational performance, plantation sector, agribusiness, systematic literature review, PRISMA 2020. Abstrak: Kepemimpinan manajerial merupakan salah satu faktor penting yang memengaruhi operational performance pada organisasi perkebunan dan agribisnis. Namun, bukti empiris yang tersedia masih tersebar dalam berbagai perspektif kepemimpinan sehingga mekanisme kontribusinya terhadap kinerja operasional belum dipahami secara utuh. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengkaji peran kepemimpinan manajerial dalam meningkatkan operational performance melalui pendekatan Systematic Literature Review (SLR). Kajian dilaksanakan mengikuti pedoman PRISMA 2020 dengan menganalisis enam artikel empiris yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi melalui ekstraksi data, perbandingan lintas studi, dan analisis tematik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan manajerial meningkatkan operational performance melalui penguatan kapabilitas sumber daya manusia, peningkatan work engagement, penguatan komitmen organisasi, pembentukan perilaku kerja positif, serta peningkatan kemampuan organisasi dalam merespons perubahan lingkungan. Meskipun menggunakan perspektif kepemimpinan yang berbeda, seluruh penelitian menegaskan bahwa kepemimpinan berfungsi sebagai kapabilitas organisasi yang menyelaraskan arah strategis, pengembangan sumber daya manusia, dan implementasi proses operasional. Kajian ini memberikan perspektif konseptual yang lebih terintegrasi mengenai mekanisme hubungan antara kepemimpinan manajerial dan operational performance, sekaligus memperkuat implikasi teoretis dan praktis bagi pengembangan kepemimpinan pada sektor perkebunan dan agribisnis. Kata kunci: kepemimpinan manajerial, operational performance, perkebunan, agribisnis, systematic literature review, PRISMA 2020.