Hydrogen Geographies in Latin America: Uneven Development in the Energy Transition

Over the past decade, hydrogen development has become part of Latin America's decarbonization landscape, positioning the region as a potential exporter of green energy, yet revealing deep territorial inequalities. This paper explores the geography of hydrogen in Latin America, where projects cluster along coastal corridors and reproduce long‐standing patterns of uneven development. Based on a review of recent academic literature and policy documents, we analyze how fragmented governance, competing claims on water and land, and limited local participation interact with this emerging geography. Hydrogen transitions involve much more than technological shifts. As hydrogen development evolves in Latin America, it produces the socio‐spatial reconfiguration of territories, resource use, and environment‐society relations. We propose potential pathways, including participatory governance, redistributive infrastructure, and recognitional planning, to embed energy justice and inclusion in the emerging geographies of hydrogen. The Latin American case shows how emerging hydrogen geographies are shaped by the interaction between global decarbonization agendas and histories of extraction, inequality, and environmental change.