Technical Feasibility Analysis of DC Microgrids in a Non-Interconnected Area

Context: In recent times, access to electricity in non-interconnected areas has been a constant challenge. Therefore, this article evaluates the technical feasibility of implementing direct-current (DC) microgrids in these areas, focusing on food conservation. Our evaluation focuses on the region of Chacón Playa (Timbiquí) in the Cauca Pacific, Colombia. Method: This work analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of DC microgrids vs. alternating-current (AC) systems, selecting a radial topology for its simplicity and expandability. A simulation is performed in MATLAB-Simulink with a control system based on the incremental conductance algorithm, which incorporates solar photovoltaic generation, battery backup, power converters, and a load composed of four DC coolers. Results: The results and simulations show that DC microgrids are effective in meeting voltage and current demands in response to changes in solar radiation and power demand. Our findings highlight the ability of DC microgrids to provide a stable and efficient power supply suitable for food conservation in non-interconnected areas. Conclusions: DC microgrids represent a viable solution to cover energy needs in isolated areas. This study supports their implementation as a sustainable and reliable alternative, opening new opportunities for the development of regulatory frameworks that facilitate the expansion of this type of technology in similar regions.