O-Band Q-Switched Pr 3+ : ZBLAN Fiber Laser Using MXene Optical Modulator

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We demonstrate a new member of the MXene family, Ta2CTX film saturable absorber (SA), as a passive modulator generating tunable Q-switched operation in a Pr3+-doped ZBLAN fiber (PDFF) laser. The film was synthesized from bulk Ta2AlC via an in-situ hydrofluoric acid (HF) route employing lithium fluoride (LiF) and hydrochloric acid (HCl), then combined with a polyvinyl alcohol matrix to form a free-standing film. Integrated into a PDFF laser, it generated stable Q-switched pulses at 1304 nm with repetition rate of 55.03–68.88 kHz and pulse duration of 4.80–4.19 μs, representing the first Ta-based MXene implementation in 1.3 μm ZBLAN fiber lasers.