Amplitude-constrained and phase-supervised physics-guided color holography for realistic three-dimensional scenes

The degraded reconstruction quality in multi-plane holography is mainly manifested by inter-plane crosstalk, defocus, and speckle. To address these coupled artifacts, this paper proposes MpD-Holo, a multi-plane holographic display method driven by depth estimation and physics-based supervision. A monocular depth network first predicts relative depth, which is discretized by K-means depth clustering (KDC) into display planes. A two-stage complex-amplitude and phase-estimation network then generates phase-only holograms under angular-spectrum propagation constraints. Phase pseudo-labels generated offline by multi-plane stochastic gradient descent (M−SGD), together with amplitude, structural, and perceptual objectives, improve phase stability and reconstruction fidelity. Numerical and optical experiments verify the method’s ability to reconstruct depth-separated content.